242

XVII. THE EMBARGO 254

XVIII. MADISON AS PRESIDENT 272

XIX. WAR WITH ENGLAND 290

XX. CONCLUSION 309

INDEX 325

ILLUSTRATIONS

JAMES MADISON _Frontispiece_

From the painting by Sully in the Corcoran Gallery of
Art, Washington, D. C.

Autograph from a MS. in the New York Public Library,
Lenox Building.

The vignette of "Montpelier," Madison's home at
Montpelier, Va., is from a photograph. Page

CHARLES COTESWORTH PINCKNEY _facing_ 98

From the original painting by Gilbert Stuart in the possession
of Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, D. D., LL. D.,
Charleston, S. C.

Autograph from a MS. in the New York Public Library,
Lenox Building.

FISHER AMES _facing_ 162

From the miniature painted by John Trumbull in 1792,
now in the Art Gallery of Yale University.

Autograph from the Chamberlain Collection, Boston
Public Library.

DOLLY P. MADISON _facing_ 222

From a miniature in the possession of Dr. H. M. Cutts,
Brookline, Mass.

Autograph from a letter kindly loaned by Dr. Cutts.

BATTLE OF LAKE ERIE _facing_ 310

From the painting by W. H. Powell in the Capitol at
Washington.

JAMES MADISON

CHAPTER I

THE VIRGINIA MADISONS

James Madison was born on March 16, 1751, at Port Conway, Virginia; he
died at Montpellier, in that State, on June 28, 1836. Mr. John Quincy
Adams, recalling, perhaps, the death of his own father and of Jefferson
on the same Fourth of July, and that of Monroe on a subsequent
anniversary of that day, may possibly have seen a generous propriety in
finding some equally appropriate commemoration for the death of another
Virginian President. For it was quite possible that Virginia might think
him capable of an attempt to conceal, what to her mind would seem to be
an obvious intention of Providence: that all the children of the "Mother
of Presidents" should be no less distinguished in their deaths than in
their lives--that the "other dynasty," which John Randolph was