ns:
several hundred at McMurdo Station (US)
note: information for US bases only (2001)

Internet country code:
.aq

Internet Service Providers (ISPs):
NA

Transportation Antarctica

Ports and harbors:
there are no developed ports and harbors in Antarctica; most
coastal stations have offshore anchorages, and supplies are
transferred from ship to shore by small boats, barges, and
helicopters; a few stations have a basic wharf facility; US coastal
stations include McMurdo (77 51 S, 166 40 E), Palmer (64 43 S, 64 03
W); government use only except by permit (see Permit Office under
"Legal System"); all ships at port are subject to inspection in
accordance with Article 7, Antarctic Treaty; offshore anchorage is
sparse and intermittent; relevant legal instruments and
authorization procedures adopted by the states party to the
Antarctic Treaty regulating access to the Antarctic Treaty area, to
all areas between 60 and 90 degrees of latitude South, have to be
complied with (see "Legal System") (2004)

Airports:
there are no developed public access airports or landing
facilities; 30 stations, operated by 16 national governments party
to the Antarctic Treaty, have restricted aircraft landing facilities
for either helicopters or fixed-wing aircraft; commercial
enterprises operate two additional aircraft landing facilities;
helicopter pads are available at 27 stations; runways at 15
locations are gravel, sea-ice, blue-ice, or compacted snow suitable
for landing wheeled, fixed-wing aircraft; of these, one is greater
than 3 km in length, six are between 2 km and 3 km in length, three
are between 1 km and 2 km in length, three are less than 1 km in
length, and two are of unknown length; snow surface skiways, limited
to use by ski-equipped, fixed-wing aircraft, are available at
another 15 locations; of these, four are greater than 3 km in
length, three are between 2 km and 3 km in length, two are between 1
km and 2 km in length, two are less than 1 km in length, and four
are of unknown length; aircraft landing facilities generally subject
to severe restrictions and limitations resulting from extreme
seasonal and geographic conditions; aircraft landing facilities do
not meet ICAO standards; advance approval from the respective
governmental or nongovernmental operating organization required for
using their facilities; landed aircraft are subject to in