ian I., emperor, 86, 89, 90, 94, 99-100, 107, 110-12, 143,
153, 177; his birthplace, 24, 67-8, 91; building, 26, 27, 100,
106; Christian legislation of, 28; controversies of his reign,
14-22; corresponds with the pope, 10, 14; deals with the
Monophysites, 15; his alleged heresy, 15, 21, 22; summons
Fifth General Council, 17; intervenes in Africa, 105-6;
his relations with the Franks, 47; restores the imperial rule
in Italy, 33; Spanish war, 74; hymn-writer, 15 n.
Justinian II., 90-1
Justiniana Prima, 67, 91
Jutes in Britain, 117; of Jutland, converted, 130

Karlings, Frankish royal house, 57, 139, 144, 147, 196, 201
Kerait, Tartar kingdom of, 96-7
_Key of Truth, The_, book of the Armenian Paulicians, 80
Khalifs of Baghdad, 97, 99; Khalif Omar, 101
Khartoum, Christian remains near, 111
Khorassan, 93
Kiev, town on the Dnyepr, becomes Christian, 127
Kothransson, Thorwald, Icelander, 132
Kristian, tenth-century Bohemian historian, 128

Lateran synod (649), 88
Leander, archbishop of Seville, 63, 75-6
Learning, 5, 38, 123; survival of, 5; at the court of the
Merwings, 51; classical, taught to Gregory the Great, 60;
yet he opposed classical learning in bishops, 52; classical,
of the Irish Church, 115; in England, 115; of the Irish monks,
121-2; of the Studite monks, 163; revival of, under Charles the
Great, 154, 166-70. _See_ Aelfric, Bede, Gerbert, Education,
Literature
Lebanon, 84; Monothelites in, 22
Leger (Leodegar), S., 81, 146
Lent, 36, 140
Leo I., the Great, S., pope, 6, 7, 10, 29, 63, 89
Leo III., pope, 81, 152
Leo III., the Isaurian, emperor, 109, 155, 157-8
Leo IV., the Chazar, emperor, 155
Leo V., the Armenian, emperor, 165
Leo VI., the Wise, emperor, 194
Leodegar, Leodgar, (S. Leger), bishop of Autun, 81, 146
Leontius of Byzantium, 86
Leovigild, Wisigothic king in Spain, 48, 75
Lerins, abbey, 81
_Liber Pontificalis_, 39 n., 151
Liberatus, sixth-century theological writer in Africa, 106
Limoges, 150, 174
Lindisfarne, 117
Litanies, 184-6
Literature in North Africa, 106; literary renaissance under
Charles the Great, 166. _See_ Boethius, Cassiodorus, Gregory
the Great, Gregory of Tours, John of Damascus, Learning,
Paul the Silentiary, Procopius, Venantius Fortunatus,
Theodore of the Studium
Liturgies, 181-90
Liudhard, Frankish bishop in Kent, 186
Lombards, 40