FREE BOOKS

Author's List




PREV.   NEXT  
|<   9   10   11   12   13   14   15   16   17   18   19   20   21   22   23   24   25   26   27   28   29   30   31   32   33  
34   35   36   37   38   39   40   41   42   43   44   45   46   47   48   49   50   51   52   >>  
therefore not be correct, for according to it not alone some parts of the movement, but absolutely all parts alike must remain invisible. It still remains, therefore, to ask why the greater part of the movement eludes observation. The correct explanation will account not only for the impossibility of seeing the first part of the movement but also for the possibility of seeing the remainder. [7] Ostwald, F., _Revue Scientifique_, 1896, 4e Serie, V., p. 466. Apart from the experience of the eye watching itself in a glass, Dodge (_loc. citat._) found another fact which strongly suggested anaesthesia. In the course of some experiments on reading, conducted by Erdmann and Dodge, the question came up, how "to explain the meaning of those strangely rhythmic pauses of the eye in reading every page of printed matter." It was demonstrated (_ibid._, p. 457) "that the rhythmic pauses in reading are the moments of significant stimulation.... If a simple letter or figure is placed between two fixation-points so as to be irrecognizable from both, no eye-movement is found to make it clear, which does not show a full stop between them." With these facts in view Dodge made an experiment to test the hypothesis of anaesthesia. He proceeded as follows (_ibid._, p. 458): "A disc of black cardboard thirteen inches in diameter, in which a circle of one-eighth inch round holes, one half inch apart, had been punched close to the periphery all around, was made to revolve at such a velocity that, while the light from the holes fused to a bright circle when the eye was at rest, when the eye moved in the direction of the disc's rotation from one fixation point, seen through the fused circle of light, to another one inch distant, three clear-cut round holes were seen much brighter than the band of light out of which they seemed to emerge. This was only possible when the velocity of the holes was sufficient to keep their images at exactly the same spot on the retina during the movement of the eye. The significant thing is that the individual round spots of light thus seen were much more intense than the fused line of light seen while the eyes were at rest. Neither my assistant nor I was able to detect any difference in brightness between them and the background when altogether unobstructed." Dodge finds that this experiment 'disproves' the hypothesis of anaesthesia. If by 'anaesthesia' is meant a condition of the retinal end-organs in
PREV.   NEXT  
|<   9   10   11   12   13   14   15   16   17   18   19   20   21   22   23   24   25   26   27   28   29   30   31   32   33  
34   35   36   37   38   39   40   41   42   43   44   45   46   47   48   49   50   51   52   >>  



Top keywords:

movement

 

anaesthesia

 

reading

 

circle

 
significant
 

correct

 

velocity

 

pauses

 

rhythmic

 

experiment


fixation

 

hypothesis

 

eighth

 
inches
 
diameter
 
rotation
 

direction

 

cardboard

 

bright

 

organs


punched

 

thirteen

 

revolve

 
periphery
 

brighter

 

Neither

 
assistant
 
intense
 

individual

 
altogether

unobstructed
 

background

 
brightness
 

detect

 
difference
 

retina

 

emerge

 
disproves
 

distant

 

condition


images

 
sufficient
 

retinal

 

points

 
Ostwald
 

Scientifique

 

experience

 

watching

 
strongly
 

suggested