hem, were drawn up in thirty-seven articles for general distribution.
One set forth reform as the paramount object of imprisoning, another,
that kindness and humane treatment should prevail in all prison
management. But the reader would be well repaid by sending for the
"Transactions" of the body, a work of some seven hundred pages, and
carefully perusing it. It will cost three dollars, and is to be had of
Rev. E. C. Wines, D. D., No. 48 Bible House, N. Y.

The convention was not only pleasant in itself, but also in its
surroundings. The city extended it a welcome through an excellent
address by the Mayor, inviting the body to a dinner and visit to its
public institutions and places of interest, and furnishing coaches to
convey the members. It also provided a convenient hall for the sittings.
A number of the city societies also invited us to their gatherings.

This Congress arranged for its perpetuity by becoming an incorporate
body in some State and holding its sessions biennially. This has been
consummated by obtaining a charter in the State, of New York,
Ex-Governor Seymour being President, and Rev. E. C. Wines, Cor.
Secretary. It also took incipient steps for an international congress to
be held in London, England, choosing Dr. Wines also as Commissioner to
carry the proposal into effect.

15. _Money-making and punishing, the paramount objects in our prison
management._ For a time, I had been at a loss about the real objects of
the present manner of conducting prison affairs, but it had become
evident that money-making and punishing were those objects. To the
former the prison agent and warden seemed bending their united energies
as best they could. They would make a better exhibit of gains than ever
before, a great compliment to the one as a financier and to the other as
a prison manager. To this end, they would bend their efforts in
purchasing and disbursing, having, to appearance, left all moral
considerations out of the question. I was informed that the warden said,
"I will clear five thousand for the State this year, if I have to use up
every man in doing it."

Then punishment was to go hand and hand with this gain making, as the
warden was reported as saying to the prisoners, "I mean to use you so
that you will not wish to come back," meaning, of course, usage beyond
what the law and courts contemplate.

16. _Waste paper in the cells._ The warden's clearing the cells of this
has been spoken of