y for sea, Barry was directed "to proceed to St. Kitts
and assume command of your squadron on the Guadeloupe station, taking
under your convoy any merchant vessels ready to proceed for the Windward
Islands; you have to protect our commerce to all the Islands and to
guard our merchant vessels against all depredations from Porto Rico as
well as from Guadeloupe and other dependencies of France." Later the
Treaty of September 30, 1800, arrived, when Barry was directed to "treat
the armed vessels of France, public and private, exactly as you find
they treat our trading vessels."

Up to that time seventy-four French vessels had been taken and more than
eighty had been retaken from the French. This was regarded as ample
proof of the value of a Navy and made its advocates so jubilant that
"What think ye of the Navy now?" was tauntingly asked of its former
opponents.

So again Captain Barry's services as Head of the Navy were conspicuous
and useful. But the Federalists, the party of Washington, of Adams and
of Barry, were defeated by the election by the House of Representatives
of Thomas Jefferson.

Reform and Retrenchment were the chief policies of his administration.
With the measures against France, Jefferson's Republicans had had no
sympathy. Their antipathy to Great Britain and their fury against Jay's
Treaty were terrific. The new Congress of Jefferson ordered the
cessation of work on the 74-gun ships, for which timber had already been
collected. Only a quarter of a million of dollars was appropriated for
naval expenditures. All but thirteen of the ships were sold. The new
Navy established by the Act of 1794 was, within seven years, almost
non-existent and would have been wholly so if the policy of the
Jefferson Republicans had been fully carried out. Though that
practically came to pass by the "laying up" of all vessels.

Jefferson was inaugurated March 4, 1801. On the 23d of that month
Captain Barry was notified to "call home all the ships in the West
Indies. You are to make the best of your way to Philadelphia."

At the end of April the frigate "United States" was in the Delaware
River and, on May 1st, the new Secretary of the Navy, General Dearborn,
instructed Barry to bring the "United States" to Washington, "where it
is intended she shall be laid up." There were now Navy yards at
Portsmouth, N.H.; Charlestown, Philadelphia, Norfolk and Washington, in
accordance with the advice Captain Barry had given in 1798 tha