n Walpole (iii. p.
178), and in Miss Martineau's _Hist. of the Peace_ (bk. II. ch. iv.).
But Mr. Robbins has worked it out with diligence and precision in
special reference to John Gladstone: _Early Life_, pp. 36-47.

[15] Trevelyan's _Macaulay_, i. p. 111, where the reader will also find
a fine passage from Macaulay's speech before the Anti-Slavery Society
upon the matter--the first speech he ever made.

[16] 'A statement of facts connected with the present state of slavery
in the British sugar and coffee colonies, and in the United States of
America, together with a view of the present situation of the lower
classes in the United Kingdom.'

[17] In Demerara the average price of slaves from 1822 to 1830 had been
L114, 11s. 51/4d. The rate of compensation per slave averaged L51, 17s.
1/2d., but it is of interest to note that the slaves on the Vreedenhoop
estate were valued at L53, 15s. 6d.

[18] _Dict. Nat. Biog._, Sir James Carmichael Smyth.

[19] He took Follett's opinion (Aug. 5, 1841) on the question of
applying for a criminal information against the publisher of an article
stating how many slaves had been worked to death on his father's
plantations. The great advocate wisely recommended him to leave it
alone.

[20] _Frankenstein_ was published in 1818.

[21] House of Commons, April 27, 1866.

[22] _Letter to Dundas, with a sketch of a Negro Code_, 1792. But see
_Life of W. Wilberforce_, v. p. 157.

CHAPTER II

ETON

(_1821-1827_)

It is in her public schools and universities that the youth of
England are, by a discipline which shallow judgments have sometimes
attempted to undervalue, prepared for the duties of public life.
There are rare and splendid exceptions, to be sure, but in my
conscience I believe, that England would not be what she is without
her system of public education, and that no other country can
become what England is, without the advantages of such a
system.--CANNING.

It is difficult to discern the true dimensions of objects in that
mirage which covers the studies of one's youth.--GLADSTONE.

In September 1821, the young Gladstone was sent to Eton. Life at Eton
lasted over six years, until the Christmas of 1827. It impressed images
that never faded, and left traces in heart and mind that the waves of
time never effaced,--so profound i