t. A full explanation of the scars, their preferred
classifications and their references is made in the chapter,
"Classification of Scarred Patterns--Amputations--Missing at Birth."

When the age extension is utilized and a "Reference" group and a
"Presumptive Dead" file are maintained, it is suggested that a general
allowance of 5 years be considered to allow for a discrepancy in
prints bearing the ages of 50 years or older.

In the files of the Federal Bureau of Investigation the various age
groups are as follows:

1-54 "Regular" file.
55-74 "Reference" file.
75 and over "Presumptive Dead" file.

Reference searches for the preceding groups are conducted in the
following manner:

50-54 Referenced to "Reference" file.
70-74 Referenced to "Presumptive Dead" file and "Regular" file.
75-79 Referenced to "Reference" file and "Regular" file.
80 and older Referenced to "Regular" file only.

If no age is given, it should be searched first in the regular file
and reference searches should be conducted in the "Reference" group
and the "Presumptive Dead" file.

When separate male and female files are maintained, there may be doubt
as to the sex of a subject due to a discrepancy between the sex
indicated and the name and the description and picture. In such case
try to determine the sex from the description and the size of the
prints, then reference the print to the other file. A Photostat copy
can be made and placed in the other file until the true sex can be
determined.

CHAPTER VIII

_How To Take Inked Fingerprints_

The equipment required for taking fingerprints consists of an inking
plate, a cardholder, printer's ink (heavy black paste), and a roller.
This equipment is simple and inexpensive.

In order to obtain clear, distinct fingerprints, it is necessary to
spread the printer's ink in a thin even coating on a small inking
plate. A roller similar to that used by printers in making galley
proofs is best adapted for use as a spreader. Its size is a matter
determined by individual needs and preferences; however, a roller
approximately 6 inches long and 2 inches in diameter has been found to
be very satisfactory. These rollers may be obtained from a fingerprint
supply company or a printing supply house.

[Illustration: 360. Fingerprint stand.]

An inking plate may be made from a hard, rigid, scratch-resistant
metal plate 6 inches wide by 14