ass can be added.

The relation between penal jurisprudence and private ethics must be
clarified. Both are concerned with the production of happiness. A man's
private ethics are concerned with his duty to himself and to his
neighbour; prudence, probity, and beneficence. Those cases described as
unmeet for punishment are all within the ethical, but outside the
legislative, sphere, except the "groundless" cases, which are outside
both. The special field of private ethics is among the cases where
punishment is "unprofitable" or "inefficacious," notably those which are
the concern of prudence. So with the rules of beneficence; but
beneficence might well be made compulsory in a greater degree than it
is. The special sphere of legislation, however, lies in the field of
probity.

A work of jurisprudence is either expository of what the law is, or
censorial, showing what it should be. It may relate to either local or
universal jurisprudence; but if expository can hardly be more than
local. It may be internal, or international, though there is very little
law in international procedure; if internal, it may be national or
provincial, it may be historical or living; it may be divided into
statutory and customary, into civil and penal or criminal.

JEAN BLOCH

The Future of War

The son of humble Polish Jews, Jean Bloch, who was born in 1836,
amassed a large fortune out of Russian railways. At the age of
fifty he retired from business, and devoted himself to an
exhaustive study of the conditions and possibilities of modern
warfare. To this labour he gave eight years, and, in 1898, the
fruits of it were published in a work of six volumes, in which he
sought to prove that, owing to the immensity of modern armies, the
deadliness of modern weapons, and the economic conditions that
prevailed in the larger states, a great European war was rapidly
becoming a physical impossibility. M. Bloch died on January 7,
1902, not before several of his theories had been tested by actual
campaigning. His main argument, however, concerns a war on European
frontiers between European powers, and such a war he did not live
to witness.

_I.--The Problem Stated_

In the public and private life of modern Europe a presentiment is felt
that the present incessant growth of armaments must either call forth a
war, ruinous both for conqueror and for conquered, and ending perhaps