Smokelessness, relative nature of 197
With hand-fired furnaces 199
With stoker-fired furnaces 199
Soda, lime and, treatment of feed 103
Oxalate of, in treatment of feed 106
Removal of scale aided by 300
Silicate of, in treatment of feed 106
Treatment of boiler feed 103
Space occupied by Babcock & Wilcox boilers 66
Specific heat 83
Specific heat of air 148
Ice 99
Saturated steam 99
Specific heat of superheated steam 137
Various solids, liquids and gases 85
Water 99
Spreading method of firing 193
Stacks and draft (see Chimneys) 237
Stacks for blast furnace gas 228
Oil fuel 251
Wood 202, 254
Stayed surfaces, absence of, in Babcock & Wilcox boilers 69
Difficulties arising from use of 67
Steam 115
As aid to combustion of anthracite 191
As aid to combustion of lignite 195
Consumption of prime movers 289
Density of 115
Flow of, into atmosphere 320
Flow of, into pressure above atmosphere 318
Flow of, through pipes 317
High pressure, advantage of 119
History of generation and use of 13
Making, theory of 92
Moisture in 129
Properties of, for vacuum 119
Properties of