and breath force, 31;
in general, 43-50;
development of science of, 43;
quality and power of, 44;
significance of, 45;
experiments to demonstrate, 46-50;
induced, 47;
sympathetic, 47, 48;
density of air and, 47;
volume and character of tones dependent on, 49;
head and nasal, 51-55;
relation of articulation to, 51;
focusing tone a matter of, 52;
effect of its absence, 54;
exercises to establish, 58-72.

RESONATOR OF THE VOICE, 6.

RESPIRATION (see _Breath control_ and _Breathing_).

RESPIRATORY MUSCLES, a motor for the voice, 6;
described, 23, 28;
action of, 25;
illustrated, 24, 29.

ROGERS, CLARA KATHLEEN, on registers, 38.

RUDERSDORFF, MADAME, and nasal resonance, 2.

SANTLEY, SIR CHARLES, on Garcia and the laryngoscope, 3.

SCALE OF VOWEL SOUNDS, 20, 72.

SELF-REPRESSION, a deterrent to beautiful singing, 84.

SEMBRICH, MARCELLA, and the half-breath, 37;
use of nasal resonance, 54.

SINGING, subtlety of, 4;
obstacles to, 5, 74, 84;
versus speaking, 5, 17;
mission of singer, 18;
defined as breathing, 23;
age to begin, 77;
in public schools, 78;
by method, 79;
vibrato in, 80;
psychology of, 82-85;
sublimated speech, 83;
defined by Ffrangcon-Davies, 83;
freedom in, 84;
deterrents to, 84.

SINUSES, illustrated, 7;
pairs of, 8;
function of, 12.

SMILE, EFFECT OF, on pronunciation, 19.

SOFT PALATE, office of, 11, 52.

SPEAKING, obstacles to, 5;
tones of, identical with singing tones, 5;
difference from singing, 17;
expression in, 83.

SPEAKING VOICE, misunderstood, 16;
connection with singing voice, 16;
how cultivated, 16;
identity with singing voice, 17;
and pronunciation, 18, 19.

SPHENOID BONE, 8.

SPHENOIDAL SINUSES, illustrated, 7;
pairs of, 8;
function of, 12.

STAGE ELOCUTION, criticism of Forbes-Robertson on, 19.

TEETH, function of, in use of voice, 12.

THROAT, theory of sound in, 1;
a resonator, 6;
illustrated, 7;
relation to voice, 8.
(See _Larynx_ and _Pharynx_.)

THROAT STIFFNESS, most frequent obstacle to good singing, 74;
effect on larynx, 74;
difficulty in recognizing one's own, 74;
throat consciousness a common cause of, 74;
induced by lack of breath mastery, 75;
American hurry begets, 75;
voice culture a struggle with, 75;
remedies for, 75, 76.

TIMBRE OF VOICE, defined and explained, 7, 8.

TONE, defined, 45;
analyzed 45;
e