needs of the men, who will not then suffer their
present necessities. Also this will do away with their disorderly
conduct in the city by day, and especially that at night.

98. It is extremely necessary to adopt some system with regard to
payment, so that the soldiers would not squander it in gambling. A
portion should be retained and paid out each day for food and
clothing. Through this lack of system much suffering has resulted,
and many soldiers have died. Consequently many are unfit to serve.

99. The soldiers should be kept as busy as possible, for in Manila
they give themselves up to laziness and vice. When most needed, they
are found to be undrilled, and so unfit for their work. Especially
should they be made to go aboard the vessels as often as possible,
for in these islands it is very necessary that they go to sea and
know how to fight on the water. In fact, this is generally the kind
of fighting to be done here.

100. In the other cities and places of these islands, it is necessary
that the magistrates and the officers of war should always be on the
alert, ready themselves, and their Indians also, for any emergency
that should arise. They should have ships that would inspire respect;
because enemies or corsairs are apt to attack them, with whom they
lose time and reputation by not hurrying to encounter them.

101. Expeditions and enterprises for pacification or conquest outside
of the islands must be scrutinized very carefully. Before going on
them, it must be understood and determined that those sent on such
expeditions must give account and residencia of their duties and
methods of procedure.

102. In respect to crimes committed by the soldiers, when these are
slight offenses there is but little to register, or little judicial
procedure to be observed; but when they are of greater import, and the
penalty therefor is severe, it is just that the case be registered and
substantiated so that the proper course of justice may be observed,
and so that they may be prosecuted in due form of law.

_Justice_

103. As for justice, there has been much negligence in punishing
public excesses and faults. Many things--and some of them of great
importance--have been overlooked or covered up. This has led to other
irregularities, such as reckless, continual, and fraudulent gambling,
and concubinage.

104. From Nueva Espana many disreputable men, condemned to the galleys,
are brought here, and allowed to disembark