and they all beg their food: only they do not carry the alms-bowl. They
also, moreover, seek to acquire the blessing of good deeds on
unfrequented ways, setting up on the roadside houses of charity, where
rooms, couches, beds, and food and drink are supplied to travellers, and
also to monks, coming and going as guests, the only difference being in
the time for which those parties remain.

There are also companies of the followers of Devadatta still existing.
They regularly make offerings to the three previous Buddhas, but not to
Sakyamuni Buddha.

Four li southeast from the city of Sravasti, a tope has been erected at
the place where the World-honored one encountered king Virudhaha, when
he wished to attack the kingdom of Shay-e, and took his stand before him
at the side of the road.

[Footnote 1: Explained by "Path of Love," and "Lord of Life." Prajapati
was aunt and nurse of Sakyamuni, the first woman admitted to the
monkhood, and the first superior of the first Buddhistic convent. She is
yet to become a Buddha.]

[Footnote 2: Sudatta, meaning "almsgiver," was the original name of
Anatha-pindika, a wealthy householder, or Vaisya head, of Sravasti,
famous for his liberality. Of his old house, only the well and walls
remained at the time of Fa-hien's visit to Sravasti.]

[Footnote 3: The Angulimalya were a sect or set of Sivaitic fanatics,
who made assassination a religious act. The one of them here mentioned
had joined them by the force of circumstances. Being converted by
Buddha, he became a monk.]

[Footnote 4: Arya, meaning "honorable," "venerable," is a title given
only to those who have mastered the four spiritual truths:--(i) that
"misery" is a necessary condition of all sentient existence; this is
duhka: (ii) that the "accumulation" of misery is caused by the passions;
this is samudaya: (iii) that the "extinction" of passion is possible;
this is nirodha: and (iv) that the "path" leads to the extinction of
passion; which is marga. According to their attainment of these truths,
the Aryas, or followers of Buddha, are distinguished into four
classes--Srotapannas, Sakridagamins, Anagamins, and Arhats.]

[Footnote 5: Hsuean-chwang does not give the name of this murderer; see
in Julien's "Vie et Voyages de Hiouen-thsang "--"a heretical Brahman
killed a woman and calumniated Buddha." See also the fuller account in
Beal's "Records of Western Countries," where the murder is committed by
several Brahmacharins. I