ruments,
maps, and a personal letter, all substantiating the evidence that the
landing was successful. It can only be surmised that there was engine
failure, probably due to a clogged oil filter.[44]

Once before during the trip a forced landing had been made due to engine
malfunctioning, and a successful takeoff was accomplished in spite of a
moderately rough sea. This time, however, storm conditions probably made
the takeoff impossible.

As a final summary of the author's analysis of the Packard diesel
engine, it must be emphasized that although the engine burned a much
cheaper and safer fuel more efficiently than any of its gasoline rivals,
it was too unreliable to compete with them. Even if it had been
reliable, it was too small to be useful to the large transport
operators, to whom its fuel economy would have appealed. In addition,
this mechanism operated on the wrong cycle: 4-stroke, rather than the
lighter, more compact, and more efficient blown 2-stroke cycle. Lastly,
it was doomed by the advent of high octane gasolines, first used while
it was still in the development stage. These new fuels reduced the
diesel's advantage resulting from low fuel consumption, and, in
addition, gave the gasoline engine a definite advantage from the
standpoint of performance. The Packard diesel was a daring design but,
for the reasons analyzed in this chapter, it could not meet this
competition, and therefore failed to survive.

Appendix

1. Agreement between Hermann I. A. Dorner and Packard Motor Car Company

THIS AGREEMENT made this 18th day of August 1927, by and between HERMANN
DORNER, of Hanover, Germany, hereinafter referred to as "Licensor", and
PACKARD MOTOR CAR COMPANY, a Corporation of the State of Michigan,
United States of America, of Detroit, Michigan, hereinafter referred to
as "Licensee";

WITNESSETH, that

WHEREAS, Licensor owns certain Letters Patent of the United States and
other countries relating to oil burning engines under which he desires
to license the Licensee;

WHEREAS, Licensee desires rights under said Letters Patent;

NOW, THEREFORE, for the mutual considerations hereinafter set forth, the
parties have agreed as follows:

1. Licensor warrants that he is the inventor of an oil burning engine,
is the sole owner of United States patent Number 1,628,657, dated May
17, 1927, and United States patent applications, Serial Numbers 46,383
filed July 27, 1925, and 88,409 and 88,411, filed Feb