read, "That when Israel was strong, they put the
Canaanites to tribute, and did not utterly drive them out," Josh. xvii.
13; Judges i. 28: by Solomon also, who did not cut off the people that
were left of the Hittites and the Amorites, but only made them to pay
tribute, 2 Chron. viii. 7, 8. That which I say is further confirmed by
another place, Josh. xi. 19, 20, where it is said, "There was not a city
that made peace with the children of Israel save the Hivites, the
inhabitants of Gibeon; all other they took in battle. For it was of the
Lord to harden their hearts, that they should come against Israel in
battle, that he might destroy them utterly, and that they might have no
favour; but that he might destroy them, as the Lord commanded Moses." From
which words it appeareth, that if the Canaanites had made peace with the
children of Israel, they were to show them favour; and that they were
bound by the commandment of the Lord to destroy them, then only, and in
that case, if they would not accept peace, but make war; whence it cometh,
that the cause of the destruction of the Canaanites is imputed to their
own hardness and contumacy in not accepting of peace, and not to any
commandment which God had given to Israel for destroying them. In a word,
it was _voluntas signi_, which, in one place, Deut. xx. 10, showed the
Israelites what was their duty, namely, to offer peace to all, even to the
Canaanites, and not to cut them off if they should accept the peace; but
it was _voluntas beneplaciti_, which, as we read in another place, Deut.
vii. 2, decreed to deliver the Canaanites before the Israelites, that is,
to harden their hearts to come against them in battle, and so to overrule
the matter, by a secret and inscrutable providence, that the Israelites
might lawfully and should certainly destroy them and show them no mercy.
Even as that same God who, by one word, showed unto Abraham what was his
duty, bidding him offer up his son Isaac, Gen. xxii. 2, by another word
signified unto him what he had decreed to be done, forbidding him to lay
his hand upon the lad, or to do anything unto him, ver. 12. But this, I
know, will be very unsavoury language to many Arminianised conformitants.

The other law of war which Junius, upon Deut. xx., observeth, prescribed
to the Israelites how they should deal with them who refused their peace.
And here only was the difference made betwixt the cities which were very
far off and the cities of the