rtrait).
Outlook, 69 ('01): 425; 93 ('09): 689. (Portraits.)
So. Atlan. Q. 18 ('19): 145.

+Abraham Cahan+--novelist.

Of Lithuanian-Jewish ancestry. Became editor of the _Arbeiter Zeitung_,
1891, and of _The Jewish Daily Forward_, 1897. A journalist who has done
most of his work in Yiddish, but who has also written one remarkable
novel in English: _The Rise of David Levinsky_, 1917.

STUDIES AND REVIEWS

Cambridge.
Van Doren.

Dial, 63 ('17): 521.
Nation, 105 ('17): 432.
New Repub. 14 ('17): 31.
See also _Book Review Digest_, 1917.

+(William) Bliss Carman+--poet.

Born at Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada, 1861. His ancestors lived in
Connecticut at the time of the Revolution. A.B., University of New
Brunswick, 1881; A.M., 1884. Studied at the University of Edinburgh,
1882-3, and at Harvard, 1886-8. Studied law two years. LL.D., University
of New Brunswick, 1906. Came to live in the United States, 1889. Has been
teacher, editor, and civil engineer.

In collaboration with Mary Perry King, Mr. Carman has produced several
poem-dances (_Daughters of Dawn_, 1913, and _Earth Deities_, 1914), which
it is interesting to compare with Mr. Lindsay's development of the idea
of the poem-game.

Mr. Carman's most admired work is to be found in the _Vagabondia_
volumes, in three of which he collaborated with Richard Hovey (1894,
1896, 1900). His _Collected Poems_ were published in 1905, and his
_Echoes from Vagabondia_, 1912.

STUDIES AND REVIEWS

Rittenhouse.
Bookm. 11 ('00): 519, 521 (portrait).

Canad. M. 40 ('13): 455 (portrait); 47 ('16): 425 (portrait);
56 ('21): 521.
Critic, 40 ('02): 155 (portrait), 161; 42 ('03): 397 (portrait).
Ind. 57 ('04): 1131, 1132 (portrait); 65 ('08): 1335 (portrait).
Lit. Digest, 50 ('15): 113.
R. of Rs. 46 ('12): 619 (portrait).

+Willa Sibert Cather+--novelist, short-story writer.

Born at Winchester, Virginia, 1875. A.B., University of Nebraska, 1895;
Litt. D., 1917. On staff of _Pittsburgh Daily Leader_, 1897-1901.
Associate editor of _McClure's Magazine_, 1906-12.

SUGGESTIONS FOR READING

1. Miss Cather's special field is the pioneer life of immigrants in the
Middle West. Points to be considered are: (1) her realism; (2) her
detachment or objectivity; (3) her sympathy.

2. In what other respects does she stand out among the leading women
novelists of today?

3. What is the value of her material?