x
(1601), and James Duke of Monmouth, passed under the arch on their way
to a prison or the scaffold. Opposite is

_The Bloody Tower_ (Pl. VIII),

which is believed to derive its name from the suicide in it of Henry
Percy, eighth Earl of Northumberland, in 1585. Under this Tower we enter
the Inner Ward. It dates from the reigns of Edward III and Richard II,
and was called by its present name as early as 1597, being popularly
believed to be the scene of the murder of Edward V and his brother the
Duke of York, as well as of Henry VI. It was originally known as the
Garden Tower, as its upper storey opens on that part of the parade
ground which was formerly the Constable's Garden. Here Sir Walter
Raleigh was allowed to walk during his long imprisonment, and could
sometimes converse over the wall with the passers-by. Observe the
grooves for working the massive portcullis, which was raised by chains
and a windlass. These still exist on the upper floor. Immediately
adjoining the gateway on the east is the

_Wakefield Tower_ (Pl. III).

Its lower storey is the oldest building next to the Keep; it was, with
the Lanthorn (rebuilt on the old foundation in 1884-5) and Cold Harbour
Towers, part of the original Norman plan. The upper storey was rebuilt
by Henry III, who made it the entrance to his palace on the east. The
Great Hall, memorable as the scene of Anne Boleyn's trial, adjoined it,
but was pulled down during the Commonwealth. In 1360 the records of the
kingdom, which had previously been kept in the White Tower, were removed
here, and this is called in ancient surveys sometimes the Record, and
sometimes the Hall Tower. The present name is said to be derived from
the imprisonment of Yorkists after the Lancastrian victory at Wakefield
in 1460. It is used now for the safe keeping and exhibition of

_The Crown Jewels_.

The visitor who has obtained a ticket passes up a short stair and finds
himself in a well-lighted circular apartment in the Wakefield Tower.
The deep window recess opposite the door was fitted up as a small chapel,
with Aumbry, Piscina, and Sedilia. Tradition says that Henry VI used it
for his devotions when a prisoner in the Tower, and was here murdered.
In the centre, in a large double case, are arranged the splendid objects
which form the English Regalia. The following are the most remarkable:--

The King's Crown. It occupies the highest place in the case. It was
constructed in 1838 for her late