put to death by a son who had rebelled
against him (1394-1449).

ULYSSES (i. e. Greek Odysseus), chieftain of Ithaca, one of the Greek
heroes in the Trojan War, in which he was with difficulty persuaded to
join, but in which, however, he did good service both by his courage and
his counsels; he is less famed for what he did before Troy than for what
befell him in his ten years' wandering homeward after, as recorded by
Homer in a separate poem called after him the "ODYSSEY" (q. v.), which
relates his stay among the LOTUS-EATERS (q. v.), his encounter with
POLYPHEMUS (q. v.), the enchantments of CIRCE (q. v.), the SIRENS (q.
v.), and CALYPSO (q. v.), and his shipwreck, &c. Tennyson represents him
as impatient of the humdrum life of Ithaca on his return, and as longing
to join his Trojan comrades in the Isles of the Blessed. See PENELOPE and
TELEMACHUS.

ULYSSES' BOW, a bow which only Ulysses could wield.

UMA (the gracious one), the consort of SIVA (q. v.), and
sometimes also of RUDRA (q. v.).

UMBALLA (499), a city in the Punjab, 150 m. NW. of Delhi; is an
important military station and a railway centre; carries on a large
trade.

UMBRIA, a province of ancient Italy, between Cisalpine Gaul and the
territory of the Sabines; inhabited originally by a powerful Latin race.

UMLAUT, name given by Grimm to the modification of a vowel in a
syllable through the influence of a vowel in the succeeding.

UNA (i. e. who is one), the personification of Truth, the
companion of St. George in his adventures, and who, after various
adventures herself, is at last wedded to him.

UNCIAL LETTERS, large round characters or letters used in ancient
MSS.

UNCLE SAM, name given to the United States Government, derived from
a humorous translation of the initials U.S.

UNCONSCIOUS, THE, name given to a spiritual supernatural influence
operating in and affecting the life and character, but which we are not
sensible of ourselves, and still less reveal a conscious sense of to
others.

UNDERSTANDING, THE. See REASON.

UNDINE, a female spirit of the watery element, naturally without,
but capable of receiving, a human soul, particularly after being wedded
to a man and after giving birth to a child.

UNDULATORY THEORY, the theory that light is due to vibrations or
undulations in the ether as the medium through which it is transmitted
from its source in a luminous body.

UNEARNED INCREMENT, increase in the va