clergy; kissed the stone which had covered the Savior of
the world; and bedewed with tears of joy and penitence the monument of
their redemption. This union of the fiercest and most tender passions
has been variously considered by two philosophers; by the one, [112] as
easy and natural; by the other, [113] as absurd and incredible. Perhaps
it is too rigorously applied to the same persons and the same hour; the
example of the virtuous Godfrey awakened the piety of his companions;
while they cleansed their bodies, they purified their minds; nor shall
I believe that the most ardent in slaughter and rapine were the foremost
in the procession to the holy sepulchre.

[Footnote 105: See the masterly description of Tacitus, (Hist. v. 11,
12, 13,) who supposes that the Jewish lawgivers had provided for a
perpetual state of hostility against the rest of mankind. * Note: This
is an exaggerated inference from the words of Tacitus, who speaks of
the founders of the city, not the lawgivers. Praeviderant conditores,
ex diversitate morum, crebra bella; inde cuncta quamvis adversus loagum
obsidium.--M.]

[Footnote 106: The lively scepticism of Voltaire is balanced with sense
and erudition by the French author of the Esprit des Croisades, (tom.
iv. p. 386-388,) who observes, that, according to the Arabians, the
inhabitants of Jerusalem must have exceeded 200,000; that in the siege
of Titus, Josephus collects 1,300,000 Jews; that they are stated by
Tacitus himself at 600,000; and that the largest defalcation, that his
accepimus can justify, will still leave them more numerous than the
Roman army.]

[Footnote 107: Maundrell, who diligently perambulated the walls, found
a circuit of 4630 paces, or 4167 English yards, (p. 109, 110: ) from an
authentic plan, D'Anville concludes a measure nearly similar, of 1960
French toises, (p. 23-29,) in his scarce and valuable tract. For the
topography of Jerusalem, see Reland, (Palestina, tom. ii. p. 832-860.)]

[Footnote 108: Jerusalem was possessed only of the torrent of Kedron,
dry in summer, and of the little spring or brook of Siloe, (Reland,
tom. i. p. 294, 300.) Both strangers and natives complain of the want
of water, which, in time of war, was studiously aggravated. Within the
city, Tacitus mentions a perennial fountain, an aqueduct and cisterns
for rain water. The aqueduct was conveyed from the rivulet Tekos or
Etham, which is likewise mentioned by Bohadin, (in Vit. Saludio p.
238.)]

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