ng of the land by the
colonists, and a loss to the Army of $27,000.00.

The experiment was continued, however, but with very different
conditions. An excellent irrigation system was established, and a new
lot of settlers brought to the Colony; not, this time, from the city,
but from the surrounding country. These people were poor, but accustomed
to the land. The result, as might be expected this time, was more
favorable. It was stated in 1905 that no colonists had left since
1901.[72] In May, 1903, there were nineteen families ranged according to
nationality as follows:--Thirteen American; Two Scandinavian; One Finn;
One German-Swiss; One Dutch and one Italian. There are now twenty-five
families, and about one hundred and forty-five persons on the Colony.
The nucleus of a town is to be seen with two or three stores, a
blacksmith shop, and a good sized Town Hall. Near the Colony is a school
house with an attendance of about fifty children, most of them being
colonists' children.

An irrigation plant has been established and is now owned and worked by
the colonists, formed in a joint-stock company. The colonists raise
beets, potatoes, alfalfa, fruits of different kinds, and stock. A large
part of their income is derived from the dairying industry. They ship
their cream to a creamery at Salinas, about twenty-five miles distant.

Much could be said about the healthy appearance and happy life of the
members of this Colony, but as they have not been brought from the
unhealthy, squalid misery of the city, this is not of so much interest.
The women work in the vegetable gardens and with the stock, as well as
in the home; and the older children help their parents.

Along the lines of co-operation, in both colonies there are interesting
features. At stated intervals, the colonists meet in the form of a
Farmers' Club, and discuss questions relative to the success of their
individual farms and to the Colony as a whole. They also have lecturers
come from a distance to address them on the latest phases of
horticulture, agriculture, fertilization and irrigation. The colonists
also embark in business enterprises like the stock company formed in the
California Colony for the control and management of the irrigation
plant. In this plant, one of the colonists is engineer, and another the
superintendent of water supply. Another important institution of this
same Colony is the Rochdale store, which does most of the retail
business in th