56
under 914 m: 410 (2007)

Heliports:

11 (2007)

Pipelines:

crude and refined oil 23,564 km; liquid petroleum gas 74,980 km
(2006)

Railways:

total: 48,068 km
standard gauge: 48,068 km 1.435-m gauge (2006)

Roadways:

total: 1,042,300 km
paved: 415,600 km (includes 17,000 km of expressways)
unpaved: 626,700 km (2006)

Waterways:

636 km
note: Saint Lawrence Seaway of 3,769 km, including the Saint
Lawrence River of 3,058 km, shared with United States (2007)

Merchant marine:

total: 175
by type: bulk carrier 60, cargo 13, carrier 1, chemical tanker 10,
combination ore/oil 1, container 2, passenger 6, passenger/cargo 64,
petroleum tanker 12, roll on/roll off 6
foreign-owned: 17 (Germany 3, Netherlands 1, Norway 3, US 10)
registered in other countries: 206 (Australia 9, Bahamas 84,
Barbados 9, Cambodia 2, Cyprus 2, Denmark 1, Honduras 1, Hong Kong
44, Liberia 7, Malta 1, Marshall Islands 6, Norway 7, Norway 3,
Panama 18, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 1, Spain 1, Spain 3,
Taiwan 2, Vanuatu 5) (2008)

Ports and terminals:

Fraser River Port, Halifax, Hamilton, Montreal, Port-Cartier, Quebec
City, Saint John (New Brunswick), Sept-Isles, Vancouver

Military
Canada

Military branches:

Canadian Forces: Land Forces Command (LFC), Maritime Command
(MARCOM), Air Command (AIRCOM), Canada Command (homeland security)
(2008)

Military service age and obligation:

17 years of age for male and female voluntary military service (with
parental consent); 16 years of age for reserve and military college
applicants; Canadian citizenship or permanent residence status
required; maximum 34 years of age; service obligation 3-9 years
(2008)

Manpower available for military service:

males age 16-49: 8,072,010
females age 16-49: 7,813,462 (2008 est.)

Manpower fit for military service:

males age 16-49: 6,646,281
females age 16-49: 6,417,924 (2008 est.)

Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:

male: 227,435
female: 215,556 (2008 est.)

Military expenditures:

1.1% of GDP (2005 est.)

Transnational Issues
Canada

Disputes - international:

managed maritime boundary disputes with the US at Dixon Entrance,
Beaufort Sea, Strait of Juan de Fuca, and the Gulf of Maine
including the disputed Machias Seal Island and North Rock; Canada,
the US, and other countries dispute the status of the Northwest
Passage; US works closely with Canada to inte