ociation of Business
Executives or APEDE; Panamanian Industrialists Society or SIP;
Workers Confederation of the Republic of Panama or CTRP

Papua New Guinea:
NA

Paraguay:
Ahorristas Estafados or AE; National Workers Central or
CNT; Paraguayan Workers Confederation or CPT; Roman Catholic Church;
Unitary Workers Central or CUT

Peru:
leftist guerrilla groups include Shining Path [Abimael GUZMAN
Reynoso (imprisoned), Gabriel MACARIO (top leader at-large)]; Tupac
Amaru Revolutionary Movement or MRTA [Victor POLAY (imprisoned),
Hugo AVALLENEDA Valdez (top leader at-large)]

Philippines:
NA

Pitcairn Islands:
none

Poland:
All Poland Trade Union Alliance or OPZZ (trade union); Roman
Catholic Church; Solidarity (trade union)

Portugal:
NA

Puerto Rico:
Armed Forces for National Liberation or FALN; Armed
Forces of Popular Resistance; Boricua Popular Army (also known as
the Macheteros); Volunteers of the Puerto Rican Revolution

Qatar:
none

Reunion:
NA

Romania:
various human rights and professional associations

Russia:
NA

Rwanda:
IBUKA - association of genocide survivors

Saint Helena:
none

Saint Kitts and Nevis:
NA

Saint Lucia:
NA

Saint Pierre and Miquelon:
NA

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines:
NA

Samoa:
NA

San Marino:
NA

Sao Tome and Principe:
NA

Saudi Arabia:
none

Senegal:
labor; Muslim brotherhoods; students; teachers

Seychelles:
Roman Catholic Church; trade unions

Sierra Leone:
Trade Unions and Student Unions

Singapore:
NA

Slovakia:
Association of Employers of Slovakia; Association of Towns
and Villages or ZMOS; Confederation of Trade Unions or KOZ; Metal
Workers Unions or KOVO and METALURG

Slovenia:
NA

Solomon Islands:
NA

Somalia:
numerous clan and subclan factions are currently vying for
power

South Africa:
Congress of South African Trade Unions or COSATU
[Zwelinzima VAVI, general secretary]; South African Communist Party
or SACP [Blade NZIMANDE, general secretary]; South African National
Civics Organization or SANCO [Mlungisi HLONGWANE, national
president]; note - COSATU and SACP are in a formal alliance with the
ANC

Spain:
business and landowning interests; Catholic Church; Euskal
Herritarok or EH [Herri BATASUNA]; free labor unions (authorized in
April 1977); on the extreme left, the Basque Fatherland and Liberty