English Bottoming Tools 243
Drawing and Pushing Scoops 244
Pipe-Layer 244
Pipe-Laying 245
Pick-axes 245
Drain Gauge 246
Elkington's Auger 246
Fowler's Drain Plow 247
Pratt's Ditcher 249
Paul's Ditcher 250
Germination 277, 278
Land before Drainage and After 286
Heat in Wet Land 288
Cracking of Clays 325
Drainage of Cellar 355
Drainage of Barn Cellar 359
Plan of Rand's Drainage 372
" H. F. French's Drainage 376

CONTENTS.

CHAPTER I.

INTRODUCTORY.

Why this Treatise does not contain all Knowledge.--Attention of
Scientific Men attracted to Drainage.--Lieutenant Maury's
Suggestions.--Ralph Waldo Emerson's Views.--Opinions of J. H.
Klippart, Esq.; of Professor Mapes; B. P. Johnson, Esq.; Governor
Wright, Mr. Custis, &c.--Prejudice against what is
English.--Acknowledgements to our Friends at Home and Abroad.--The
Wants of our Farmers.

CHAPTER II.

HISTORY OF THE ART OF DRAINING.

Draining as old as the Deluge.--Roman Authors.--Walter Bligh in
1650.--No thorough drainage till Smith, of Deanston.--No mention of
Tiles in the "Compleat Body of Husbandry," 1758.--Tiles found 100
years old.--Elkington's System.--Johnstone's Puns and
Peripatetics.--Draining Springs.--Bletonism, or the Faculty of
Perceiving Subterranean Water.--Deanston System.--Views of Mr.
Parkes.--Keythorpe System.--Wharncliffe System.--Introduction of
Tiles into America.--John Johnston, and Mr. Delafield, of New York.

CHAPTER III.

RA