t
go out to their churches to hear these things. He said also that the
governor was obstinate because he did not humiliate himself before the
archbishop, as it was Holy Week and the season of the jubilee. The
worthy father did not consider in the midst of his zeal what the
governor has done for the archbishop, and how he has aided him. He
added that the governor did not understand the law of the Christians,
as he had said (according to the preacher's statement) that he could
not be excommunicated. That scandalized the hearers, and was the
motive for many of the city to declare (as I hear) that these sermons
kindled the fire that raged, and were the cause of these revolutions.

On Sunday, the third day of Lent, February 24, 1636, at the publication
of the ordinary edict, the whole city gathered in the cathedral,
where I was present. The father guardian of St. Francis, Fray Juan
de Pina, preached. He mentioned in the pulpit a balance that the
accountant Juan Bautista de Zubiaga had brought forward against the
fathers of St. Francis (who have had charge of the royal hospitals),
of more than thirty thousand pesos. Inasmuch as soldiers without
weapons have not been received in the hospital for many years, and a
great number of men have died in it, and there is no account of what
has been done with those arms, they amount, when appraised at low
prices, to over thirty thousand pesos. The preacher declared that
he had reason to make a greater charge and declare a larger balance
against the king of Espana. The charge was that Fray Francisco Ximenez
conquered Oran; and that one of their friars, named Zumarraga, [68]
pacified Nueva Espana. Thus a great part of his sermon was taken up in
indecorously contending and taking issue with the king of Espana. On
the Wednesday following, February 27, the same preacher delivering
a sermon in the same cathedral church, returned to the same balance,
and treated the said computer of accounts, Juan Bautista de Cubiaga,
with great contumely. He called him a Gascon devil, disguised as a
Viscayan or Navarrese, who getting a smattering of accounts, gave out
that he was an accountant, in order to come to give him a beating. And
this he said amid the laughter and commotion of the audience.

On one Friday in Lent, the fifteenth of March, I was present at the
convent of St. Augustine; Fray Diego de Ochoa of the same order came
out to preach. At the beginning, he read a notice which said that
Father L