arising from the combat
itself, there are others also which do not essentially belong to it, but
which, on account of their relationship, easily unite with it--ambition,
love of power, enthusiasm of every kind, &c. &c.

18. THE IMPRESSIONS OF DANGER. (COURAGE.)

Finally, the combat begets the element of danger, in which all the
activities of War must live and move, like the bird in the air or
the fish in the water. But the influences of danger all pass into the
feelings, either directly--that is, instinctively--or through the medium
of the understanding. The effect in the first case would be a desire to
escape from the danger, and, if that cannot be done, fright and anxiety.
If this effect does not take place, then it is COURAGE, which is a
counterpoise to that instinct. Courage is, however, by no means an act
of the understanding, but likewise a feeling, like fear; the latter
looks to the physical preservation, courage to the moral preservation.
Courage, then, is a nobler instinct. But because it is so, it will not
allow itself to be used as a lifeless instrument, which produces its
effects exactly according to prescribed measure. Courage is therefore
no mere counterpoise to danger in order to neutralise the latter in its
effects, but a peculiar power in itself.

19. EXTENT OF THE INFLUENCE OF DANGER.

But to estimate exactly the influence of danger upon the principal
actors in War, we must not limit its sphere to the physical danger of
the moment. It dominates over the actor, not only by threatening him,
but also by threatening all entrusted to him, not only at the moment in
which it is actually present, but also through the imagination at all
other moments, which have a connection with the present; lastly, not
only directly by itself, but also indirectly by the responsibility which
makes it bear with tenfold weight on the mind of the chief actor. Who
could advise, or resolve upon a great battle, without feeling his mind
more or less wrought up, or perplexed by, the danger and responsibility
which such a great act of decision carries in itself? We may say that
action in War, in so far as it is real action, not a mere condition, is
never out of the sphere of danger.

20. OTHER POWERS OF FEELING.

If we look upon these affections which are excited by hostility and
danger as peculiarly belonging to War, we do not, therefore, exclude
from it all others accompanying man in his life's journey. They will
also fi