e the state university, the state normal schools, all of the schools
for the unfortunate, the lunatic asylums, the state prisons.

What is the maximum rate per mile that can be charged by railroads for the
transportation of passengers in this state? How came this to be? If a
farmer wished to ship a carload of wheat without putting it into a
warehouse, how could he get a car? If a car were refused what could he do?

Examine the end of a kerosene cask, and find out what the marks on it
mean. By reference to the latest report of the secretary of the state
board of immigration, find out what inducements to immigrants this state
offers. Is there probably such a board as this in the eastern states? Why?
In European countries? Why?

Does your school receive copies of the pamphlets issued by the state board
of health?

CHAPTER XV.

THE JUDICIAL BRANCH.

We have seen that minor differences may be adjudicated in each town,
village and city, by justices of the peace and municipal courts; and that
courts having jurisdiction unlimited as to the amount at controversy are
held in every county. And these may all be properly called state courts,
the state being subdivided into judicial districts, each comprising one or
more counties, for the purpose of bringing justice within the reach of
every person. But there is also in every state a

STATE SUPREME COURT.

Need of.--The supreme court is needed for the following reasons:

1. _To review cases on appeal._ Notwithstanding the great care exercised
in the lower courts, errors are liable to occur, and the person aggrieved
may ask for a new trial. If this be denied, he may appeal to the supreme
court. Appeals are usually taken on one or more of three grounds--(a) On
exceptions to rulings of the judge as to the admissibility of testimony;
(b) On exceptions to the judge's charge to the jury; (c) On the ground
that the verdict of the jury is not warranted by the evidence.

2. _To interpret the law._ The exceptions referred to in the preceding
paragraph may involve the meaning of a law. In that case the decision of
the supreme court establishes the meaning of the law in question, and the
lower courts of the state are thereafter bound by the interpretation
given.

3. _To pass upon the constitutionality of a law._ The appeal may be made
for the purpose of testing the constitutionality of a law. If declared
unconstitutional by the supreme court, the law is void.

4. _To issu