g was
brought on by the nervous shock.

From these few cases of actual occurrences, it will be seen that
practically all cases of stammering caused by injury can be traced to
the NERVOUS SHOCK brought about by the injury.

HEREDITY AS A CAUSE: There is little that need be said on the subject
of heredity as a cause of stuttering and stammering, save that heredity
is a common cause and that children of stuttering or stammering parents
usually stammer. In this, as in the case of any malady hereditarily
transmitted, it is difficult to say whether the trouble is caused by
inheritance or by constant and intimate association of the child with
his parents during the period of early speech development.

THE RESULT OF DISEASE: Many cases of both stammering and stuttering may
be traced back to disease as the basic or predisposing cause. Acute
Chorea (St. Vitus Dance) is frequently the cause of stuttering of a
type known as Choreatic Stuttering or "Tic Speech." Infantile Cerebral
Palsy sometimes brings about a condition known as "Spastic Speech,"
while whooping cough, scarlet fever, measles, meningitis, infantile
paralysis, scrofula and rickets are sometimes responsible for the
disorder.

Disease may cause stuttering or stammering as an immediate after effect
or the speech trouble may not show up for considerable time, depending
altogether upon the individual. But regardless of the length of time
elapsing between the disease which predisposes the individual to the
speech disorder and the time of the first evidence of its presence,
diagnosis reveals but an insignificant percentage of organic defects in
these cases resulting from disease, indicating that even here the
predominant causative factor is a mental one.

CHAPTER III

THE PECULIARITIES OF STUTTERING AND STAMMERING

Each individual case of stuttering or stammering has its own
peculiarities, already more or less developed--arising from structural
differences (but not necessarily defects) in the organs of speech, as
well as differences in temperament, health and nervousness; or
peculiarities arising from habit--which is the result of previous
training or neglect, as the case may be.

SING WITHOUT DIFFICULTY: Almost without exception, the stutterer or
stammerer can sing without any difficulty, can talk to animals without
stuttering or stammering, can talk when alone and in some cases can
talk perfectly in a whisper. Some stammerers have less difficulty in
talk