[Illustration]

166. Saint-Leonard-de-Vains. The Romanesque tower is from the early
12th century. Situated in the extension of the choir, its square base
is topped by two floors in slight recess. The first floor was probably
blind originally, with openings pierced after the French Revolution.
The second floor is opened north, east and south by two twin
semi-circular arches. Photo by Alain Dermigny. [Alain-088]

[Illustration]

167. Saint-Leonard-de-Vains. The Romanesque tower. The masonry is made
of irregular blocks of schist and granite, with a few rows of regular
granite blocks. The saddleback roof rests north and south on a cornice
supported by modillions. Photo by Alain Dermigny. [Alain-089]

[Illustration]

168. Saint-Leonard-de-Vains. The Romanesque tower. On three
sides--north, east and south--the second floor is adorned with two twin
semi-circular arches, with a double grain formed by two rows of granite
quoins. The arch rests on plain abutments through a square abacus, that
goes on as an horizontal band along the wall. The cornice is supported
by modillions carved with rough human heads or molded in quarter-round.
Photo by Alain Dermigny. [Alain-090]

[Illustration]

169. Saint-Leonard-de-Vains. The Romanesque tower. The second floor of
the tower and its saddleback roof. Two birds are resting. Photo by
Claude Rayon. [Claude-51]

[Illustration]

170. Saint-Leonard-de-Vains. The base of the Romanesque tower and its
north wall. This wall is strengthened by a central buttress surrounded
by two semi-circular bays with an arch formed by a row of granite
quoins. The lowered arch and abutments of the door are made of large
blocks of granite. Photo by Alain Dermigny. [Alain-091]

[Illustration]

171. Saint-Leonard-de-Vains. The base of the Romanesque tower and its
north wall. The lower part of the wall consists of an opus spicatum
(fishbone masonry) characterizing the 11th or early 12th century. The
masonry of the upper part of the wall is made of regular blocks of
granite. A row of badly damaged modillions is still visible above the
bays. Photo by Alain Dermigny. [Alain-092]

[Illustration]

172. Saint-Leonard-de-Vains. The base of the Romanesque tower, and its
gate with its semi-circular arch and abutments in granite. The opus
spicatum (fishbone masonry) of the masonry is a sign the church is
early Romanesque. Photo by Claude Rayon. [Claude-52]

[Illustration]

173. Sai