rows,
Full of wrinkles and frosty furrows."

So I shall call the above mouldings beaded chamfers, when there is any
chance of confusion with the plain chamfer, _a_, or _b_, of Fig. LII.:
and when there is no such chance, I shall use the word chamfer only.

Sec. XI. Of those above given, _b_ is the constant chamfer of Venice, and
_a_ of Verona: _a_ being the grandest and best, and having a peculiar
precision and quaintness of effect about it. I found it twice in Venice,
used on the sharp angle, as at _a_ and _b_, Fig. LIV., _a_ being from
the angle of a house on the Rio San Zulian, and _b_ from the windows of
the church of San Stefano.

[Illustration: Fig. LIV.]

Sec. XII. There is, however, evidently another variety of the chamfers,
_f_ and _g_, Fig. LIII., formed by an unbroken curve instead of two
curves, as _c_, Fig. LIV.; and when this, or the chamfer _d_, Fig. LIII.,
is large, it is impossible to say whether they have been devised from the
incised angle, or from small shafts set in a nook, as at _e_, Fig. LIV.,
or in the hollow of the curved chamfer, as _d_, Fig. LIV. In general,
however, the shallow chamfers, _a_, _b_, _e_, and _f_, Fig. LIII., are
peculiar to southern work; and may be assumed to have been derived from
the incised angle, while the deep chamfers, _c_, _d_, _g_, _h_, are
characteristic of northern work, and may be partly derived or imitated
from the angle shaft; while, with the usual extravagance of the northern
architects, they are cut deeper and deeper until we arrive at the
condition _f_, Fig. LIV., which is the favorite chamfer at Bourges and
Bayeux, and in other good French work.

I have placed in the Appendix[73] a figure belonging to this subject,
but which cannot interest the general reader, showing the number of
possible chamfers with a roll moulding of given size.

Sec. XIII. If we take the plain chamfer, _b_, of Fig. LII., on a large
scale, as at _a_, Fig. LV., and bead both its edges, cutting away the
parts there shaded, we shall have a form much used in richly decorated
Gothic, both in England and Italy. It might be more simply described as
the chamfer _a_ of Fig. LII., with an incision on each edge; but the
part here shaded is often worked into ornamental forms, not being
entirely cut away.

[Illustration: Fig. LV.]

Sec. XIV. Many other mouldings, which at first sight appear very
elaborate, are nothing more than a chamfer, with a series of small echoes
of it on each side,