1st sess., no. 91, pp. 5-7.]

[Footnote GO: Marvin, p. 247. The measurement of these steamers is
differently given by Spears: p. 26. "When done, the ships were found to
have fine models--they rode the waves in a way that excited the
admiration of all sailors. But the keelsons under the engines were only
40 inches deep, while the keels were 277 ft. long, and there was 'give'
enough to rack the engines to pieces." Spears, p. 267.]

[Footnote GP: Meeker.]

[Footnote GQ: U.S. Statutes at Large, vol. XI, p. 101; chap. CLXI, Aug.
18, 1856.]

[Footnote GR: Same appropriation act for ocean steamship service, June
14, 1858.]

[Footnote GS: Marvin, p. 279.]

[Footnote GT: Meeker gives the details as follows: Bremen line (1847-57)
$2,000,000; Havre line (1852-57) $750,000; Collins line (1850-58)
$4,500,000; New York to Aspinwall (1848-58) $2,900,000; Astoria and San
Francisco to Panama (1848-58) $3,750,000; Charleston to Havana (1848-58)
$500,000.]

[Footnote GU: Marvin, p. 253.]

[Footnote GV: Bates, p. 133.]

[Footnote GW: Same, p. 143.]

[Footnote GX: Marvin, p. 254.]

[Footnote GY: George Frisbie Hoar.]

[Footnote GZ: Marvin, p. 258.]

[Footnote HA: Bates, p. 142.]

[Footnote HB: United States Statutes at Large, vol. XIII, p. 93.]

[Footnote HC: Session of 1866-67.]

[Footnote HD: Report of the select committee on the merchant marine, in
Repts. of Committee, 1870, 41st Cong., 2d Bess., House Kept., no. 28.]

[Footnote HE: House Rept., no. 2378, 51st Cong., 2nd sess.]

[Footnote HF: House Report, no. 28, 41st Cong., 2d sess.]

[Footnote HG: House Docs., no. 598, also Miscellaneous Docs.; nos. 74
and 255, 42d Cong., 2nd sess.]

[Footnote HH: House Docs., no. 268, 43rd Cong., 1st sess.]

[Footnote HI: Meeker.]

[Footnote HJ: House Docs., Rept., no. 601, 51st Cong., 1st sess.]

[Footnote HK: Text of this bill in Bates, pp. 411-416.]

[Footnote HL: House Rept., no. 3273, 51st Cong., 2d sess.]

[Footnote HM: Marvin, p. 414.]

[Footnote HN: United States Statutes at Large, vol. XXVI, p. 830.]

[Footnote HO: Originally the International Navigation Company
established in Philadelphia in 1871, and beginning service between
Philadelphia and Liverpool with four American-built steamships.]

[Footnote HP: United States Statutes at Large, vol. XXVII, p. 27.]

[Footnote HQ: Marvin, p. 421.]

[Footnote HR: Report of The Merchant Marine Commission (1904), vol. I,
p. III.]

[Footnote HS: Report of The Mer