s at
the time of storage. If this can be determined the present period of
preliminary curing will become a matter of reducing the moisture
content of the nuts to a known amount before they are stored. It is
likely that other refinements of the method will be made in the near
future, but the procedure here described has given results that merit
further trial by those concerned with chestnut storage problems.

TABLE I--Record of Keeping Quality of Nuts from 6 Seedling
Chinese Chestnut Trees Stored In Friction-Top Cans At 32 deg.F.
for Approximately 6 Months At Beltsville, Winter--1945-46[11]

======================================================================
Total Weight Weight of Weight of
Tree Number of Nuts Sound Nuts Spoiled Nuts Percent Spoiled
4-24-46--Lbs. Lbs. Lbs.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
7861 23.69 23.08 .61 2.57
7881 25.20 24.63 .57 2.26
7930 26.85 26.48 .37 1.37
7932 24.29 23.80 .49 2.02
7938 29.00 27.48 1.52 5.24
8174 15.82 14.80 1.02 6.45
======================================================================
ALL LOTS 144.85 140.27 4.58 3.16

[Footnote 11: Weighed and examined 4/24/46.]

Essential Elements in Tree Nutrition

(Paper presented before the Northern Nut Growers Association Convention,
September 3-5, 1946, Wooster, Ohio.)

By J. F. Wischhusen Manganese Research & Development Foundation,
Cleveland 10, Ohio

Mankind has harbored an age-old grudge against insects and fungi, so
that under the heading of crop protection from these pests there has
developed a large insecticide and fungicide industry.

Relatively little attention has been paid to the effects of a
nutritional character that can be obtained from simultaneous
applications of essential elements. Insects will probably always
constitute a problem of destruction, either of them or by them. But
fungi, bacteriae, viruses, can be made to combat, control and balance
each other; depending on the conditions under which their propagation is
either facilitated or inhibited.

There is evidence that so-called essential