monthly into a weekly. Rosa Luxembourg and Frank
Mehring, greatly daring, started the _Internationale_ with the object of
rebuilding the International Labour and Socialist movement during the
war. The review was instantly suppressed, but was reprinted afterwards
at Berne. Among the contributors is the well-known Clara Zetkin. She
refers enthusiastically to the Christmas message sent by British women
to the women of Germany and other belligerent countries. (_Labour
Leader_, June 17, 1915.) Marie Engelmann, of Dresden, has protested with
equal strength.

FROM AN AMERICAN LADY.

The following is an extract from a valuable letter by Madeline G. Doty,
an American, which appeared in the _Nation_ of June 12, 1915:

My most revolutionary talk was with a gray-haired mother of
grown children, in a secluded corner of a quiet restaurant. A
burning flame this woman. Her face stamped with world suffering,
her eyes the tragic eyes of a Jane Addams. In a whisper she
uttered the great heresy: 'German salvation lies in Germany's
defeat. If Germany wins when so many of her progressive young
men have been slain, the people will be utterly crushed in the
grip of the mailed fist.'

With this companion I discussed the collapse of the Social
Democrats in the hour of crisis, the triumph of nationalism
over internationalism. She attributes it to military training.
During the period of service a man becomes a thing.
Automatically, he acquires habits of obedience, is reduced to an
unquestioning machine. Mechanically, when the call came, the
Social Democrats, with the others, fell into line. But with time
has come thought. Also knowledge--knowledge that, in the first
instance, Germany's war was not one of self-defence. But it is
too late to rebel. Most of the Social Democrats are at the
front. From month to month they have put off protest as unwise.
Only Liebknecht has made himself heard. Now he has been caught
up in the iron hand, and sent to battle. But women are not bound
by the spell of militarism. While the Government rejoiced at the
submission of its Socialist men, the women grew active.
Organising a party of their own, they fought bravely. Last fall
Rosa Luxembourg dashed into the street and addressed a regiment
of soldiers. 'Don't go to war, don't shoot your brothers,' she
cried. For this offence she was sent to prison for a ye