e action which makes it appropriate; as,--

submersas obrue puppes, lit. _overwhelm their submerged ships_, i.e.
overwhelm and sink their ships.

a. The name Prolepsis is also applied to the introduction of a noun or
pronoun as object of the main clause where we should expect it to stand
as subject of a subordinate clause. Thus:--

nosti Marcellum quam tardus sit, _you know how slow Marcellus is_ (lit.
_you know Marcellus, how slow he is_).

Both varieties of Prolepsis are chiefly confined to poetry.

6. Anacoluthon is a lack of grammatical consistency in the construction of
the sentence; as,--

tum Anci filii ... impensius eis indignitas crescere, _then the sons of
Ancus ... their indignation increased all the more_.

7. Hysteron Proteron consists in the inversion of the natural order of two
words or phrases; as,--

moriamur et in media arma ruamus = _let us rush into the midst of arms
and die_.

B. Figures of Rhetoric.

375. 1. Litotes (literally _softening_) is the expression of an idea by the
denial of its opposite; as,--

haud parum laboris, _no little toil_ (i.e. much toil);

non ignoro, _I am not ignorant_ (_i.e._ I am well aware).

2. Oxymoron is the combination of contradictory conceptions; as,--

sapiens insania, _wise folly_.

3. Alliteration is the employment of a succession of words presenting
frequent repetition of the same letter (mostly initial); as,--

sensim sine sensu aetas senescit.

4. Onomatopoeia is the suiting of sound to sense; as,--

quadrupedante putrem sonitu quatit ungula campum, '_And shake with
horny hoofs the solid ground_.'

* * * * *

INDEX OF THE SOURCES OF THE ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLES CITED IN THE SYNTAX.[63]

Sec. 162. nonne videtis, _Sest._ 47. num exspectas, _Phil._ ii, 86. videsne,
_Vatin._ 30. sensistine, _Cat._ 1, 8. a rebus, _de Sen._ 15. visne locum,
_Leg._ ii, 1. estisne, _Liv._ i, 38, 2. jam ea, _Ter. Phor._ 525. estne
frater, _Ter. Ad._ 569.

Sec. 166. decorum est, _Hor. Od._ iii, 2, 13. opportune accidit _Att._ i, 17,
2.

Sec. 168. Numa, _Eut._ i, 3. philosophia, _Tusc. Disp._ ii, 16.

Sec. 169. assentatio, _Lael._ 89. Corinthi, _Tac. H._ ii, 1.

Sec. 171. audi tu, _Livy_, i, 24. nate, mea, _Aen._ i, 664.

Sec. 174. rumor est, _Ter. And._ 185.

Sec. 175. galeam, _Aen._ ii, 392. cinctus, _Ov. Am._ iii, 9, 61 nodo sinus,
_Aen._ i, 320.

Sec. 176. ide