unded aspirations and hopes. Never were
her temples so numerous, nor the crowd of her votaries so great.

The British Astronomical Association formed within the year numbered
already about 600 members. Happy was the lot of those who were still
on the eastern side of life's meridian! Already, alas! the original
founders of the newer methods were falling out--Kirchhoff, Angstrom,
D'Arrest, Secchi, Draper, Becquerel; but their places were more than
filled; the pace of the race was gaining, but the goal was not and
never would be in sight. Since the time of Newton our knowledge of the
phenomena of nature had wonderfully increased, but man asked perhaps
more earnestly now than in his days, what was the ultimate reality
behind the reality of the perceptions? Were they only the pebbles of
the beach with which we had been playing? Did not the ocean of
ultimate reality and truth lie beyond?

* * * * *

CLIMATIC CHANGES IN THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE.

By C.A.M. TABER.

Having had occasion to cruise a considerable time over the Southern
Ocean, I have had my attention directed to its prevailing winds and
currents, and the way in which they affect its temperature, and also
to the ice-worn appearance of its isolated lands.

It is now generally conceded that the lands situated in the high
latitudes of the southern hemisphere have in the remote past been
covered with ice sheets, similar to the lands which lie within the
antarctic circle. The shores of Southern Chile, from latitude 40 deg. to
Cape Horn, show convincing evidence of having been overrun by heavy
glaciers, which scoured out the numerous deep channels that separate
the Patagonian coast from its islands. The Falkland Islands and South
Georgia abound with deep friths; New Zealand and Kerguelen Land also
exhibit the same evidence of having been ice-laden regions; and it is
said that the southern lands of Africa and Australia show that ice
accumulated at one time to a considerable extent on their shores. At
this date we find the southern ice sheets mostly confined to regions
within the antarctic circle; still the lands of Chile, South Georgia,
and New Zealand possess glaciers reaching the low lands, which are
probably growing in bulk; for it appears that the antarctic cold is
slowly on the increase, and the reasons for its increase are the same
as the causes which brought about the frigid period which overran with
ice all lands situated