ecclesiastical authorities. Indeed, the
Church inflicted severe penances on the women who were guilty of using
phalli: "_Mulier qualique molimine aut se ipsam aut cum altera fornicans
tres annos poeniteat, unum ex his pane et aqua. Cum sanctimoniali per
machinam fornicans, annos septem poeniteat, duos ex his in pane et
aqua._"[85] We see by this that nuns were more severely punished than
were other women.

[AC] According to Abel de Remusat (_Nouv. Mel. Asiatiques_, p.
116), the custom of _tchin-than_, or religious defloration, was
formerly in use in Cambodia and Malabar. This custom seems to be
analogous to the _jus primae noctis_, as practiced by many tribes,
where the woman, on her bridal night, has to yield herself up to
the male marriage guests--_jus primae noctis_, as thus practiced,
must not be confounded with the seignorial right, the right of the
lord, or ruler. The former right is regarded in the light of a
_quasi_ religious observance, while the latter is not. The former
was in vogue in ancient times in the Balearic Isles and among the
ancient Peruvians; recently among several aboriginal tribes of
India, in Burmah, in Cashmere, in Madagascar, in Arabia, and in New
Zealand. Vid. Teulon: _Orig. de la Famille_, p. 69.

[85] Martene et Durand: _Coll. Antiq. Can. Paenit._, iv, 52.

This use of the phallus is mentioned in the Bible, where it is bitterly
condemned by one of the prophets: "Thou hast also taken thy fair jewels
of my gold and of my silver, which I had given thee, and madest to
thyself images of men, and didst commit whoredom with them."[86]
Finally, it was the custom of the young girls of France during the
Middle Ages (like the maidens of certain savage races), who were on the
eve of marriage, to offer up to St. Foutin their last maiden robes. From
the evidence here adduced, we see that phallic worship existed in some
parts of Europe as late as the latter half of the eighteenth century,
and that it was almost universal during the Middle Ages. According to
Becan,[87] Golnitz,[88] and other historians, there were several other
phallic saints besides St. Foutin who were worshiped in Belgium, Spain,
Germany and other European countries; but, since their adoration was
similar to that of St. Foutin, I do not think it necessary to give a
description of it here. It has been shown conclusively that worship of
the generative principle was in