cessarily
be exercised and performed under the sanction and by the will of the
conqueror.

"In short, sir, they are not to-day loyal States; their population are
not willing to-day, if we are rightly informed, to perform peaceably,
quietly, and efficiently the duties which pertain to the population of
a State in the Union and of the Union; and for one I can not consent
to recognize them, even indirectly, as entitled to be represented in
either house of Congress at this time. The time has not yet come, in
my judgment, to do this. I think that, under present circumstances, it
is due to the country that we should give them the assurance that we
will not thus hastily reaedmit to seats in the legislative bodies here
the representatives of constituencies who are still hostile to the
authority of the United States. I think that such constituencies are
not entitled to be represented here."

Mr. Anthony, of Rhode Island, said: "The amendment was proposed from
no opposition to what I understand to be the purpose of the words
stricken out. That purpose I understand to be that both houses shall
act in concert in any measures which they may take for the
reconstruction of the States lately in rebellion. I think that that
object is eminently desirable, and not only that the two houses shall
act in concert, but that Congress shall act in concert with the
Executive; that all branches of the Government shall approach this
great question in a spirit of comprehensive patriotism, with
confidence in each other, with a conciliatory temper toward each
other, and that each branch of the Government will be ready, if
necessary, to concede something of their own views in order to meet
the views of those who are equally charged with the responsibility of
public affairs.

"The words proposed to be stricken out refer to the joint committee of
the two houses of Congress matters which the Constitution confides to
each house separately. Each house is made, by the Constitution, the
judge of the elections, returns, and qualifications of its own
members.

"There is one other reason why I move this amendment, and that is,
that the resolution provides that papers shall be referred to this
committee without debate. This is contrary to the practice of the
Senate. The House of Representatives has found it necessary, for the
orderly transaction of its business, to put limitations upon debate,
hence the previous question and the hour rule; but the Senate ha