r of bears is
to be found within the limits of the settlements. Scarcely a State in
which some wild woodlands or mountain fastnesses do not afford shelter
to a number of bears, and to kill one of them is a grand object of the
hunter's ambition. Along the whole range of the Alleghanies black bears
are yet found, and it will be long ere they are finally extirpated from
such haunts. In the Western States they are still more common, where
they inhabit the gloomy forests along the rivers, and creek bottoms,
protected alike by the thick undergrowth and the swampy nature of the
soil.

Their den is usually in a hollow tree--sometimes a prostrate log if the
latter be large enough, and in such a position as is not likely to be
observed by the passing hunter. A cave in the rocks is also their
favourite lair, when the geological structure of the country offers them
so secure a retreat. They are safer thus; for when a bear-tree or log
has been discovered by either hunter or farmer the bear has not much
chance of escape. The squirrel is safe enough, as his capture will not
repay the trouble of felling the tree; but such noble game as a bear
will repay whole hours of hard work with the axe.

The black bear lies torpid during several months of the winter. The
time of his hibernation depends upon the latitude of the place and the
coldness of the climate. As you approach the south this period becomes
shorter and shorter, until in the tropical forests, where frost is
unknown, the black bear ranges throughout the year.

The mode of hunting the black bear does not differ from that practised
with the fox or wild cat. He is usually chased by dogs, and forced into
his cave or a tree. If the former, he is shot down, or the tree, if
hollow, is felled. Sometimes smoking brings him out. If he escapes to
a cave, smoking is also tried; but if that will not succeed in
dislodging him, he must be left alone, as no dogs will venture to attack
him there.

The hunter often tracks and kills him in the woods with a bullet from
his rifle. He will not turn upon man unless when wounded or brought to
bay. Then his assault is to be dreaded. Should he grasp the hunter
between his great forearms, the latter will stand a fair chance of being
hugged to death. He does not attempt to use his teeth like the grizzly
bear, but relies upon the muscular power of his arms. The nose appears
to be his tenderest part, and his antagonist, if an old bear-hun