headmaster of Rugby School. Julia
Ward Howe gave interesting reminiscences of Longfellow, Emerson, and
other literary lights whom she had known intimately. John Fiske, one of
America's greatest historians, gave a course of lectures on the
discovery and settlement of this continent. Another historian whom we
heard was John Bach McMaster, whose lectures were like a series of
dissolving views, picture succeeding picture, each showing the great
events and the great men of their period. In this year Dr. Horatio R.
Palmer assumed charge of the musical department, and for the first time
waved his baton before the great chorus in the Amphitheater gallery.

As everybody knows, the four hundredth anniversary of the discovery of
America was observed everywhere in 1892. Chautauqua commemorated it in
lectures on Columbus and his fellow-voyagers, and by a pageant
presenting scenes from the history. The Chautauqua class graduating that
year was named the Columbia Class, and as its members, several hundred
strong, marched in the procession, Chancellor Vincent was astonished to
see in the line his wife, wearing the graduating badge of cardinal
ribbon. She had read the course through four years and kept it a secret
from him, revealed for the first time at that Recognition service. The
address on that day was delivered by Dr. Frank W. Gunsaulus on "The
Ideal of Culture."

Among the chief speakers in 1892 we find the names of two Presidents of
Cornell University, Dr. Andrew D. White and Dr. James G. Schurman; Dr.
J. Monro Gibson, a London pastor and one of the Board of Counsel of the
C. L. S. C. was with us; also Ballington Booth, Henry Watterson, the
journalist, and President Merrill E. Gates of Amherst College. At this
session also the Girls' Club was organized and conducted by Miss Mary H.
Mather of Wilmington, Del.

In the announcements of this year, the title of Chautauqua University
was allowed to lapse, and in place of it appeared "The Chautauqua System
of Education."

CHAPTER XVII

CLUB LIFE AT CHAUTAUQUA (1893-1896)

WHEN the Chautauquans gathered for the twentieth Assembly on July 1,
1893, they found some changes had taken place. The old Amphitheater,
which had faithfully served its generation, but had fallen into
decrepitude, no longer lifted its forest of wooden pillars over the
ravine. In its place stood a new Amphitheater, more roomy and far more
suitable to the needs of the new day. It was covered by a trusse