ave been found in the
copper-ores of this latter area. Barytes has been mined near Bantry,
Schull and Clonakilty, and manganese-ore at Glandore. Anthracite has
been raised from time to time in the band of Coal Measures south-west
of Kanturk. The marble of Little Island near Cork is quarried under
the name of "Cork Red," and the veined pink and grey marble of
Middleton is also much esteemed.

_Climate and Watering-places._--The climate is moist and warm, the
prevailing winds being from the west and south-west. The annual
rainfall in the city of Cork is about 40 in., that of the whole county
being somewhat higher. The mean annual temperature is about 52 deg. F.
The snow-fall during the winter is usually slight, and snow rarely
remains long on the ground except in sheltered places. The thermal
spring of Mallow was formerly in considerable repute; it is situated in
a basin on the banks of the Blackwater, rising from the base of a
limestone hill. The chief places for sea-bathing are Blackrock, Passage,
Monkstown, Queenstown, and other waterside villages in the vicinity of
Cork; Bantry, Baltimore, Kinsale, Glengarrif and Youghal are also much
frequented during the summer months.

_Industries._--The soils of the county exhibit no great variety. They
may be reduced in number to four: the calcareous in the limestone
districts; the deep mellow loams found in districts remote from
limestone, and generally occurring in the less elevated parts of the
grey and red sandstone districts; the light shallow soils, and the
moorland or peat soils, the usual substratum of which is coarse
retentive clay. About one-sixth of the total area is quite barren. In a
district of such extent and variety of surface, the state of agriculture
must be liable to much variation. The more populous parts near the sea,
and in the vicinity of the great lines of communication, exhibit
favourable instances of agricultural improvement. Oats, potatoes and
turnips are the principal crops, but the extent of land under tillage
shows a general decrease. Pasture land, however, extends, and the number
of cattle, sheep and poultry rises; for dairies are numerous and the
character of the Cork butter and farmyard produce stands high in English
and foreign markets.

Youghal, Kinsale, Queenstown, Castletown and Bearhaven are the deep-sea
and coast fishing district centres of the county; while the salmon
fishing is distributed among the districts of Cork, Bandon